跨临界二氧化碳热泵研究进展与应用综述
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18686/cncest.v1i2.85关键词:
跨临界；CO2制冷剂；热泵；应用现状；综述摘要
热泵技术是一种能够高效利用低品位能源的节能技术，在建筑供暖、工业余热利用、新能源等领域具有广阔的应用前景。然而，传统的热泵系统使用的制冷剂对环境有着严重的负面影响，亟需寻找一种安全、环保、高效的替代制冷剂。CO2作为一种天然制冷剂，具有良好的物理和化学特性，且非常适合作为跨临界循环的工质，在热泵技术领域显示出了巨大的优势。目前对CO2热泵的研究已经取得了一定的进展，但关于CO2热泵在不同应用场合的研究现状和发展趋势的综述较少，因此，本文系统地总结了跨临界CO2热泵在不同应用领域的最新研究成果，指出其在系统设计和运行过程中存在的压力较高，运行效率低等困难，并总结出最新的系统部件、循环结构、混合制冷剂和控制策略几方面的优化研究，结果表明了各优化方式对系统性能都有明显的提升，其中混合制冷剂是最简单的优化方式。最后，对CO2热泵技术提出展望，随着政策的扶持和技术的进步，更全面、节能和智能的CO2热泵技术将持续地发展和创新。
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